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Local “fiscal stimulus” plans won’t stop this recession

2008/12/02 in Tumblr blog imports

Many economists are now calling for the US to embark in a massive “shock therapy” fiscal stimulus package to bring the US economy back to life (and save us from a severe recession).  While I see their reasoning, and I appreciate their optimism, I am doubtful that the US has enough firepower or ability to slow this one down (on their own).  Its only with a well coordinated global action that a fiscal stimulus would work.

The financial and economic crises are too big and too global for any one (national) local fiscal stimulus package to have much effect.  If the US moves forward with plans to spend up to $700 billion in fiscal stimulus (building roads, bridges, and green investments), we may end up with many new roads and bridges, but its unlikely that this action alone will pull the US out of recession.

The government of the US can not spend nearly enough money to make a significant change in the over-powering deleveraging process that is working its way through the world of global finance.  Perhaps even a coordinated attempt by many governments would not be enough to jolt this train (wreck) back on track.

Over the past few weeks, there has been alot of discussion about an upcoming fiscal stimulus package.  President elect Obama has put much attention to this topic…then, yesterday, there was a lineup of Governors from across the US that came to Washington to pitch President elect Obama on the need for $176B in fiscal spending to jump start the economy. In addition, there is along line of industry leaders lining up with their hands out looking for help.

Conclusion:  the US is clearly considering a fiscal stimulus package as the way out of this mess…but Im not so sure that this conclusion is correct.

Lack of Monetarist options:

I agree with the conclusion that traditional monetary policy remedies will not work.  Not this time.  In GloboTrends, I have previously stated that Monetary policy wont work during this particular crisis (to jump start the US economy) because of the malfunctioning credit markets.  In this posting, Im going to cover why I believe that fiscal stimulus won’t work either, and why the US should not borrow vast amounts of money to do this.

Existing Fiscal stimulus has done nothing

First of all, I ask that readers consider the massive fiscal stimulus package that has already hit the consumers since July (2008)….What fiscal stimulus package you ask?   The stunning recent fall in gasoline prices globally, of course!  (this has been a MASSIVE economic stimulus package that has been launched globally, putting cash into consumers hands, and has boosted confidence, making people feel richer).

Falling gas prices = same as fiscal stimulus

This fall in gas prices must be one of the largest (and most welcome) fiscal stimulus package imaginable for struggling governments around the globe.  They got the fiscal boost without having to raise taxes or pass any new laws.   But the lesson of the gas-price fiscal stimulus is that people will save their money rather than spend it, and that consumers are less willing to spend new money than they have in the past.

While the gas-price fiscal stimulus may be small in comparison to the proposed $700bn bandied about by the new administration, its doubtful that the entire sum could be put to productive use immediately.  Instead, what we are looking at is a mixture of road building, green projects and tax cuts.  The infrastructure projects might put people to work, but the fiscal impact would be spread over months or even years.  The tax cuts would be more immediate, but the new money would probably be saved rather than spent (as is shown in the gas-price stimulus example).  In the rest of this posting, I will examine the size and impact of this gas-price fiscal stimulus….

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Trends: Fiscal policy in, Monetary policy out

2008/11/11 in Tumblr blog imports

In a credit-crisis environment, the tools of monetary policy are rendered ineffective.  Fiscal policy is the only other choice (to stimulate the economy).

With central banks around the globe cutting rates, its clear that monetary policy alone will not be enough to steer our economies out of recession.

The reason that monetary policy has been so ineffective during this crisis, is that in order for monetary policy to work as an effective instrument of control, you first need the money markets to be working efficiently.   But, with the dysfunctional money markets not up to the task, the Central Banks around the globe are left with ineffective tools to influence the money supply, and hence control the markets.  For this reason, they are forced to look to fiscal stimulus to help.

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Brazil: the challenges going forward

2008/10/27 in Tumblr blog imports

Brazil has many macro-economic challenges hitting at the same time, some of which are external, but one of which is home grown.

Global concerns:

  1. Global credit crisis:  will make international borrowing more difficult for states, municipalities, and for Brazilian companies.  The first impact on Brazil from the credit crunch came as exporters found it incredibly difficult to arrange trade finance (the bankers acceptance rate for trade finance tracks international LIBOR, which shot up during the credit crunch).  The Brazilian government had to step in to help relieve pressure on export finance.
  2. Global recession:  a slow down in demand for both manufactured goods and for commodities will result in less quantity of exports.
  3. Collapse in commodity prices:  with a global recession, there is also a global collapse in many of the commodities that Brazil exports (such as soy, iron ore, etc)
  4. Sharp fall in the currency value:  the Brazilian Real has fallen in value, and fallen fast over the past month.  While this should be good for exporters (a weaker local currency makes Brazilian products more competitive), it might cause trouble for the Brazilian central bank (who might want to cut interest rates to help spur growth, but will be fearful to do so because of inflationary concerns associated with the weaker currency).   This sudden change in currency value has been the main trigger point for the following “home-grown” troubles…

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Fed vs. Treasury – how we treat them differently

2008/10/07 in Tumblr blog imports

Ask anyone in America for their opinion about the $700 billion “financial rescue plan”, and nearly everyone will have an opinion (most of them negative).  Everyone will no-doubt have heard the Presidents’ speeches, or the long drawn-out battles in Congress.   They will have heard both political candidates for President talk in great length about how “angry” they are about having to “bail out” Wall Street, or about how the bill was intended to protect “Main-street”.

But, ask those same people about the hundreds of billions of dollars (trillions?) being spent by the Federal Reserve, and hardly a person will have anything to say about it (if they have heard about it at all)….

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How to measure “trust” in the banking system

2008/09/22 in Tumblr blog imports

The key question during this recent financial crisis has been whether or not there is enough liquidity.  Are banks trusting each other enough to lend each other money?  If not, then the wheels of finance grind to a halt.  But how does one go about measuring the level of “trust” that banks have with one another?

One way; use the gap (difference) between the 3-month Libor rate and the Fed Funds Rate to measure the amount of trust (or distrust) that banks have in lending money to each other.  The greater the gap, the less trust.

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How short-term interest rate cuts by the Fed can stimulate the economy

2008/07/21 in Tumblr blog imports

Every time you hear that the Fed is cutting interest rates (or, more accurately “targeting” lower interest rates), how exactly does that lead to a stimulation of the market economy?  The key to answering this question lies within your understanding of the “yield curve“, and how commercial banks make money.

Commercial Banking Business Model:

The business model of commercial banking is often described as “borrow short, and lend long” ….meaning that bankers borrow money in the short term (from your banking deposits), but then lend out money in the long term (mortgages).  Banks make a profit based on the difference between these two rates, which are shown graphically in a “yield curve“.

In general, banks have more opportunity to make profits if the “yield curve” is steeper in slope.   This is obviously because if they make money on the difference between short and long term rates, then they want the curve to show the greatest short and long-term difference (as a steep yield curve would do).

When the Fed cuts short term interest rates, that has the effect of essentially steepening the yield curve (by lowering the short term).  Because the yield curve gets steeper (with a greater difference between short and long term rates), it becomes more profitable for banks to lend out money for long term investments.  By doing so, banks stimulate the economy by funding investments by businesses and individuals.   If, on the other hand, the yield curve were negative (lower long term rates than short term rates), then the banks would have no incentives to lend money, and the economy would stall.

For more information, please see GloboTrends wiki: